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    <journal-meta>
      <journal-id journal-id-type="nlm-ta">Rea Press</journal-id>
      <journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">null</journal-id>
      <journal-title>Rea Press</journal-title><issn pub-type="ppub">3009-4461</issn><issn pub-type="epub">3009-4461</issn><publisher>
      	<publisher-name>Rea Press</publisher-name>
      </publisher>
    </journal-meta>
    <article-meta>
      <article-id pub-id-type="doi">https://doi.org/10.22105/tqfb.v2i3.70</article-id>
      <article-categories>
        <subj-group subj-group-type="heading">
          <subject>Research Article</subject>
        </subj-group>
        <subj-group><subject>Accounting earnings management, Real earnings management, Bankruptcy risk</subject></subj-group>
      </article-categories>
      <title-group>
        <article-title>Identifying the Dimensions of Earnings Management on Bankruptcy Risk in Firms Listed on the Tehran Stock Exchange</article-title><subtitle>Identifying the Dimensions of Earnings Management on Bankruptcy Risk in Firms Listed on the Tehran Stock Exchange</subtitle></title-group>
      <contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author">
	<name name-style="western">
	<surname>Feyz Javadian</surname>
		<given-names>Seyyed Hamed </given-names>
	</name>
	<aff>Department of Statistics, Kermanshah Branch, Islamic Azad University, Kermanshah, Iran.</aff>
	</contrib><contrib contrib-type="author">
	<name name-style="western">
	<surname>Mehri</surname>
		<given-names>Mehdi </given-names>
	</name>
	<aff>Department of Accounting, Kermanshah Branch, Islamic Azad University, Kermanshah, Iran.</aff>
	</contrib></contrib-group>		
      <pub-date pub-type="ppub">
        <month>08</month>
        <year>2025</year>
      </pub-date>
      <pub-date pub-type="epub">
        <day>24</day>
        <month>08</month>
        <year>2025</year>
      </pub-date>
      <volume>2</volume>
      <issue>3</issue>
      <permissions>
        <copyright-statement>© 2025 Rea Press</copyright-statement>
        <copyright-year>2025</copyright-year>
        <license license-type="open-access" xlink:href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.5/"><p>This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.</p></license>
      </permissions>
      <related-article related-article-type="companion" vol="2" page="e235" id="RA1" ext-link-type="pmc">
			<article-title>Identifying the Dimensions of Earnings Management on Bankruptcy Risk in Firms Listed on the Tehran Stock Exchange</article-title>
      </related-article>
	  <abstract abstract-type="toc">
		<p>
			Firms need to maintain their value to attract investors. A decline in firm value can erode investor confidence. Managers can influence firm value through earnings management. Accordingly, this study examines the impact of accrual-based and real earnings management on bankruptcy risk. To achieve this objective, financial data from a sample of 133 firms listed on the Tehran Stock Exchange (TSE) over the period 2019–2023 were analyzed. Hypotheses were tested using logistic regression implemented in SPSS. The findings indicate that both accrual-based and real earnings management have a positive and statistically significant effect on firms’ bankruptcy risk.
		</p>
		</abstract>
    </article-meta>
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